This paper analyzes some historical and theoretical aspects concerning Bergson’s causality of life creation. Mostly relying on the several volumes of Cours, recently published by Presses Universitaires de France, this work aims to underline the relationship which links the historical framework of Bergson (i. e. the study of Aristotle’s and Plotinus’ metaphysics) to his original philosophical production. By stressing on the notions of ‘transcendence’ and ‘immanence’, this paper holds a partly different interpretation of Bergson’s theory of ‘positive’ creation, largely focusing on a peculiar conception of ‘matter’ and ‘materiality’ in Creative Evolution.